domingo, mayo 12

Vecinos de La Palma se aferran a su isla volcánica y ya piensan en reconstruir sus viviendas

No hay regulación que vaya a impedir a los damnificados de la erupción del Cumbre Vieja seguir viviendo cerca del volcán de la isla española de La Palma, que ya piensa en la reconstrucción.

La Palma no tiene un volcán fijo tipo el del Etna italiano o el Monte Fuji japonés, por lo que establecer un radio de exclusión en torno a un cono «no serviría de mucho, los volcanes no repiten en el mismo cono, salen desde donde quieren«, dijo este lunes a la AFP Manuel Perera, arquitecto y concejal de Urbanismo del ayuntamiento de Los Llanos de Aridane.

La capital del Valle de Aridane, en el suroeste de la isla, es la zona más afectada por la erupción del Cumbre Vieja, que este lunes entró en su decimosexto día, dejando tras de sí unas 1000 construcciones destruidas -no todas ellas viviendas-, pero ninguna víctima.

La isla sufrió otras dos erupciones en los últimos 100 años, la del San Juan (1949) y la del Teneguía (1971), que causaron poquísimos daños, entre otras cosas porque la densidad de población no era la misma.

«La única regulación» relativa a la construcción que tenga que ver con los volcanes, dijo Perera, es que la colada de lava se considera «un espacio natural«.

Lo que las autoridades tienen claro, y la AFP constató en todas sus entrevistas, es que los damnificados no quieren moverse.

«Hay unidades poblacionales completas, como Todoque y otras, que han desaparecido, y muchos vecinos, por arraigo, quieren quedarse en el entorno«, dijo al Diario de Avisos canario de este lunes el presidente del gobierno regional, Ángel Víctor Torres.

«Se está preparando un decreto ley para para poder calificar urbanizables esos suelos y reconstruir de manera ordenada los espacios que han sido devastados«, añadió.

Los volcanes han creado Canarias

Las islas Canarias, el archipiélago español en el Atlántico, frente a las costas de África, han vivido grandes transformaciones tras una erupción volcánica, como la que ahora vivirá La Palma, próxima protagonista del ciclo destrucción-construcción asociado a estas catástrofes.

«Es lo que ocurre con las Canarias y no terminan de entender muchos continentales. No son islas con peligro volcánico, sino islas volcánicas«, escribió el periodista Alfonso González Jerez en el diario canario El Día del domingo.

Varias personas limpian la calle de las cenizas expulsadas por el volcán de Cumbre Vieja el 3 de octubre de 2021 en la localidad española de Los Llanos de Aridane, en la isla canaria de La Palma

«No se sobrevive a pesar de los volcanes: son los volcanes los que han creado Canarias«, sentenció el cronista.

No es científicamente posible predecir cuando concluirá la erupción -algunos expertos hablaban de varias semanas, basándose en experiencias previas. Además, la lava podría tardar de 6 a 9 meses en enfriarse, dijo este lunes el consejero de Infraestructuras del gobierno de Canarias, Borja Perdomo, citando a expertos.

El concejal Perera explicó que hay gente que le pide que se pueda reconstruir en la misma colada del Cumbre Vieja.

«Sería como irnos a Marte«, estimó Perera. «Es el peor sitio de toda la isla para poder construir, porque pasarán meses o años hasta que ese terreno pierda la temperatura«.

Además, la colada, que cubre ya unas 400 hectáreas, «es un sitio irregular con pendientes importantes, con desniveles, con terreno difícil de trabajar«.

Total normalidad en más del 90% de La Palma

Más del 90% de la isla vive en estos momentos con normalidad, si no fuera por los cortes de carreteras dañadas.

La superficie afectada por la erupción equivale a menos de un 8%, en el valle de Aridane, y ahí es donde se van a vivir las mayores transformaciones, en primer lugar con el realojamiento de las víctimas.

Una imagen tomada de un vídeo divulgado por el Instituto Español de Oceanografía muestra el delta creado por la lava del volcán de Cumbre Vieja al caer al mar por un acantilado, el 4 de octubre de 2021 en la isla canaria de La Palma

La isla ha ganado asimismo 30 hectáreas al mar por la solidificación de la lava caída al océano a partir de un frente costero de 500 metros, un terreno que se conoce como «fajana» y que en el futuro tendrá algún uso.

Así, hay fajanas en las Canarias que sirven como atracción turística por sus piscinas naturales, como en la isla de El Hierro, y otra, como la creada en 1949 por el volcán San Juan en La Plata, que acabó siendo tierra estupendamente fértil para cultivar el plátano.

De momento, la tierra ganada al mar es automáticamente titularidad del Estado.

Un ejemplo de la dureza y laboriosidad de las transformaciones es lo que ocurrió con la colada de lava de la erupción del San Juan en 1949, también en La Palma.

Con poco más que picos y palas, los lugareños la allanaron, la cubrieron de arena traída prácticamente a hombros, y la transformaron en una de las zonas más fértiles para cultivar plátanos.

«No me voy a ningún lado«, sentenció Pedro Antonio Sánchez, de 60 años, mientras mostraba a la AFP los problemas que le ha causado el volcán a su finca platanera. AFP

Por Agencia

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