La situación económica “extremadamente grave” en Afganistán está empujando a cada vez más familias a vender a sus bebés o prometer a las niñas en matrimonio en edades muy tempranas para reclamar la dote, alertó este viernes Unicef.
“La situación económica extremadamente grave en Afganistán está empujando a más familias a una pobreza más profunda y las obliga a tomar decisiones desesperadas, como poner a los niños a trabajar y casar a las niñas a una edad temprana”, denunció en un comunicado la directora ejecutiva de Unicef, Henrietta Fore.
Indicó que incluso antes de la actual “inestabilidad política” generada con la llegada de los talibanes al poder el pasado 15 de agosto, Unicef ya había registrado entre 2018 y 2019 un total de 183 matrimonios infantiles y diez casos de venta de menores solo en las provincias occidentales afganas de Herat y Baghdis, reseñó EFE.
“Me preocupan profundamente los informes de que el matrimonio infantil en Afganistán va en aumento”, remarcó Fore, que aseguró que han recibido “informes fidedignos de familias que ofrecen a hijas de solo 20 días para un futuro matrimonio a cambio de una dote”.
Según datos de Unicef, alrededor del 28 por ciento de las afganas de entre 15 y 49 años se casaron antes de cumplir los 18 años.
A la inestabilidad en el país por la llegada de los talibanes y el posterior corte del flujo de la ayuda internacional se suman problemas como la pandemia, la actual crisis alimentaria y el inicio del invierno, que “han agravado aún más la situación de las familias” afganas.
Además, señaló, los talibanes aún no permiten a la mayoría de las adolescentes afganas acudir a la escuela, por lo que “el riesgo de matrimonio infantil es aún mayor”, ya que los colegios son “a menudo la mejor protección” contra el trabajo o el matrimonio infantil.
Ante esta situación, Fore explicó que están llevando a cabo varias medidas para tratar de concienciar a las comunidades sobre los amenazas del matrimonio infantil, que acarrea más posibilidades de abusos o riesgos a la salud, además del inicio de un programa de asistencia con dinero en efectivo para evitar que las familias tengan que tomar decisiones desesperadas para sobrevivir.
“Pero esto no es suficiente. (…) Pedimos a las autoridades centrales, provinciales y locales que tomen medidas concretas para apoyar y salvaguardar a las familias y niñas más vulnerables. Instamos a las autoridades de facto a que den prioridad a la reapertura de las escuelas (…) Está en juego el futuro de toda una generación”, concluyó la directora de Unicef.
Durante el anterior régimen talibán, entre 1996 y 2001, los fundamentalistas no permitieron a las niñas acudir a la escuela y relegaron a las mujeres al interior del hogar. Desde que retomaron el poder el pasado agosto, los talibanes han permitido a las niñas más pequeñas regresar a la escuela y aseguraron que facilitarán la educación superior en un futuro próximo, que han ido posponiendo.
Por Agencia
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