Simón Bolívar «hizo un flaco favor libertando a las naciones iberoamericanas«, asegura en una entrevista con EFE el escritor español Borja Cardelús, autor de «América Hispánica«, para quien el líder latinoamericano «arrastró» a una población que «estaba comodísima bajo España y que hubiera progresado de una manera mucho más ordenada«.
Esas naciones «pasaron directamente a ser colonias británicas, despojadas desde entonces de sus recursos naturales a cambio de salarios de subsistencia«, afirma Cardelús, quien justifica la necesidad de publicar ahora «América Hispánica» por el «recrudecimiento de la leyenda negra y los ataques contra España de una manera más visceral que nunca«.
«El relevo (de los británicos) lo tomó en el siglo XX Estados Unidos, e Iberoamérica ha continuado siendo vaciada de sus recursos (minerales, suelos, bosques…), para suministrar casi gratis materias primas a las industrias de esos países. Ganaron mucho los pequeños grupos oligárquicos y perdió la inmensa mayoría de la población del continente«, afirma Cardelús, reconocido por sus documentales sobre Medio Ambiente y Agricultura, por los que ha sido premiado a lo largo de su trayectoria.
Para el autor de «América Hispánica«, la independencia de los territorios españoles en Iberoamérica «fue una desgracia, una equivocación, pero la propaganda es la propaganda, siguen creyendo que Bolívar fue el libertador y realmente fue el inicio de los dos siglos de desgracia que lleva Iberoamérica y que está en pleno deterioro«.
El complejo de España
Según Cardelús, «España no ha sabido defenderse y sigue sin saber defenderse de la leyenda negra que ha planeado sobre los tres siglos en los que los españoles estuvieron en América«.
El libro recopila trabajos anteriores del autor sobre la presencia española en ese continente, pero además descubre aspectos de aquella época histórica «aún desconocidos para mucha gente«.
Entre ellos, «la civilización que creó España, la exploración del Pacífico – solo se sabe de la vuelta al mundo, dice Cardelús-, o las Leyes de Indias, que salvaron a los indios de la extinción, y casi nada de la huella española en los Estados Unidos«.
«América Hispánica» rescata además figuras como la de la reina española Isabel ‘la Católica‘, «que desde el primer momento e inspirada por la doctrina cristiana otorga a los indios la categoría de súbditos, y no esclavos, por lo que tienen que ser tratados igual que los demás españoles«, o de Hernán Cortés, «un personaje esencial no solo de la historia de México, sino de la historia de América y de la humanidad«.
«Él había visto el inicio de la ocupación española en América, que fue desastrosa, y que creó el inicio de la leyenda negra. Pero cuando conquista México rechaza de plano ese sistema y aplica la idea de la reina Isabel. Y con eso hace de México no una colonia, sino una prolongación de España«.
Una leyenda nutrida por los intereses
Para Cardelús, esa leyenda negra «injusta» se nutre de «intereses económicos y políticos y religiosos. Parece que España estuvo muy poco tiempo en América, que ocupó, conquistó y se acabó, y no, España estuvo tres siglos. Lugares como tres cuartas partes de los Estados Unidos fueron una provincia española«.
«Cuando España e Inglaterra llegan a los Estados Unidos allí hay un millón de indios. Cuando ambos países salen un siglo y medio después quedan 500.000, y esos están en las zonas españolas. En la zona inglesa fueron extinguidos e inmediatamente se apoderaron de sus tierras«, asegura.
Después de la salida de España, dice Cardelús, «entran en escena tres elementos: las compañías inglesas, primero, norteamericanas después, y de otros lugares, pero compañías explotadoras; el elemento criollo elitista que tenía el control de la tierra y del capital y los políticos muy corruptos«.
Y más tarde llegaron «también los movimientos internos, totalitarismos de izquierdas y de derechas, golpes de Estado… Se produce un caos tremendo y claro, alguien tiene que tener la culpa y lo más cómodo es echársela a España en lugar de a los que han gobernado Iberoamérica durante dos siglos«, recuerda.
En el caso de Estados Unidos, «cuando España se va y entran los norteamericanos ocupan las tierras que les había dado España, pero esos indios estaban ya capacitados y pudieron integrarse en la sociedad nueva occidental y sus descendientes son los que están destruyendo hoy las estatuas como las de Junípero Serra«, indica Cardelús.
Y explica una situación muy desconocida en la actualidad: «Actualmente en los tribunales superiores de los Estados Unidos del oeste, como Luisiana, Nuevo México o California, están devolviendo a los indios las tierras que les quitaron los norteamericanos, y los títulos son las Leyes de Indias, el código de las siete partidas de Alfonso X «El sabio» y las concesiones otorgadas por el rey de España. En el archivo de indias de Sevilla siempre hay abogados norteamericanos que están rastreando esos títulos«.
Por Agencia
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