México repatrió este miércoles a un primer grupo de 70 haitianos como parte de un plan de retorno voluntario coordinado con Puerto Príncipe para atender la crisis que desató una oleada de migrantes indocumentados hacia Estados Unidos.
Un total de 41 hombres y 16 mujeres adultas y 13 menores partieron en un avión desde la ciudad de Villahermosa (estado de Tabasco, sureste) con dirección a Puerto Príncipe, la capital de Haití, detalló el Instituto Nacional de Migración de México (INM) en un comunicado.
Ambos gobiernos acordaron «iniciar el retorno asistido voluntario de personas migrantes establecidas en México a su país de origen«, agregó el texto.
Los haitianos permanecían en Ciudad de México, así como en los estados de Hidalgo, México (centro) y Tabasco, indicó la institución.
El inicio de la repatriación desde México ocurre días después de que el gobierno estadounidense ejecutara deportaciones masivas entre los cerca de 15.000 haitianos que acamparon bajo un puente fronterizo entre las ciudades de Del Río (Texas) y Acuña (México).
El campamento atrajo la mirada mundial debido a las escenas de haitianos cruzando el río Bravo, cargando con sus hijos y sus pertenencias, y enfrentando una dura represión de guardias fronterizos de Estados Unidos.
Según la Organización Internacional para las Migraciones (OIM), unos 3.500 haitianos fueron deportados entre el 17 y el 27 de septiembre por los servicios migratorios estadounidenses hacia su país de origen.
Washington ha señalado, no obstante, que también ha liberado en su territorio a 12.400 migrantes -la gran mayoría haitianos- que fueron detenidos en la frontera para que puedan tramitar su asilo y que podría liberar a más, dijo el domingo pasado el secretario de Seguridad Nacional, Alejandro Mayorkas.
Más de 13.200 tramitan refugio
La repatriación voluntaria es parte de los acuerdos alcanzados en una mesa de diálogo entre representantes de México y Haití, instalada el pasado 21 de septiembre, «con la finalidad de atender las necesidades de las personas de origen haitiano ubicadas en territorio nacional«, explicó el INM.
El canciller mexicano, Marcelo Ebrard, ha dicho que muchos de los haitianos no pueden aplicar a la condición de refugiados en México pues ya recibieron ese estatus en otros países.
Pese a ello, la Comisión Mexicana de Apoyo al Refugiado (COMAR) está tramitando solicitudes de 13.255 ciudadanos haitianos, agregó el canciller durante una presentación ante el Senado mexicano el martes.
En tanto, el gobierno mexicano habilitó el martes un estadio en la ciudad de Tapachula, cerca de la frontera sur con Guatemala, para atender los pedidos de asilo de miles de migrantes que ingresan al país por ese punto.
Desde hace tres meses, decenas de miles de haitianos protagonizan un éxodo que atraviesa el continente desde puntos tan lejanos como Chile y Brasil con tal de cumplir el sueño de llegar a Estados Unidos para solicitar asilo.
Ante la negativa de Washington de recibirlos, muchos de ellos están optando por solicitar refugio en México y buscar oportunidades en el país latinoamericano, ante el caos que reina en su país, uno de los más pobres y conflictivos del hemisferio occidental.
Por Agencia
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