Martha Rivera, delegada de Cultura de Madrid, considera que «no tiene ningún sentido» que España revise su pasado colonial, porque, en su opinión, «no se ha practicado el colonialismo en los museos».
«España no tenía colonias, tenía virreinatos y cuando uno viaja por América Latina ve que todo aquello que se obtuvo en excavaciones –que, por cierto, sufragaba el Reino de España–, se ha quedado ‘in situ’, no se ha traído aquí. O sea, España no expolió a sus países para traerse acá las joyas que se encontraban, sino que se quedaban allí», argumentó la funcionaria en declaraciones recogidas por Europa Press y citadas por RT Noticias.
A modo de ejemplo, Rivera refirió que «los grandes yacimientos» arqueológicos que existen en países como México y Perú han sido preservados en diferentes sitios y museos locales, al tiempo que argumentó que «la pieza más valiosa de arte colonial que hay en España, que es el Tesoro de los Quimbayas, no fue adquirido por una expedición española, sino que fue un regalo de un Gobierno a otro Gobierno, agradecido por servicios prestados».
Del mismo modo, para defender la idea de que España no expolió ni mantuvo prácticas coloniales con la actual América Latina, reiteró que la tesis «no se sostiene» y, en su lugar, negó cualquier parecido con el colonialismo belga, considerado acaso el más brutal del que se tenga noticia, al señalar que este «no tiene nada que ver con lo que pasó en España«.
A contrapelo de sus afirmaciones, una investigación de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) determinó que el proceso de conquista se cobró la vida de cerca del 90 % de la población originaria de ese país, principalmente –aunque no solo– por causa de las enfermedades, mientras que otro estudio del University College of London estimó que más 60 millones de personas murieron en las Américas durante todo el siglo XV, lo que equivalía al 10 % de la población de entonces.
El tesoro
Quimbaya
De igual modo, y en contradicción con lo sostenido por Rivera, Colombia reclama para sí el Tesoro de los Quimbayas, consistente en 122 piezas con aleaciones de oro, plata y bronce, que aparentemente le fue otorgada por Bogotá a su antigua metrópoli como agradecimiento por su rol en la definición de las fronteras definitivas con su vecina Venezuela.
Empero, revisiones contemporáneas consideran que esa colección es un bien cultural de la nación, lo que impide su alienación o embargo, al hacer parte constitutiva de la identidad nacional y el Estado colombiano debe hacer todo cuanto esté a su alcance para recuperarla.
Por Agencia.
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