Las principales criptomonedas del mercado (bitcóin y ether) cotizaban hoy con caídas superiores al 5 % tras conocerse que el Gobierno de China ha declarado ilegales todas las transacciones con criptodivisas en su territorio, medida que fue considerada “dictatorial” reseñó EFE.
El Banco Popular de China (central) publicó este viernes un comunicado en el que explica que “las criptomonedas no son de curso legal” y declaró que las transacciones de monedas virtuales son “ilegales” por “alterar el orden económico y financiero”, lo que los expertos achacan a una medida de mayor control del estado sobre la economía y las finanzas de la población.
El bitcóin, la criptomoneda más conocida, caía a las 19.30 horas un 5,8 % y rondaba los 42.115 dólares, mientras que el ether, cedía un 8,2 % y se situaba próximo a los 8.900 dólares.
En cuanto a las causas que han hecho que banco central de China actúe contra esta clase de activos digitales, los expertos señalan varias, entre ellas, el control de la economía por el Gobierno Chino, la ausencia de libertad en el gigante asiático y la implantación de las CBDC (monedas digitales emitidas por los bancos centrales).
Para la socia directora de Blockchain Intelligence, Almudena de la Mata, no es sorprendente que las criptodivisas generen una reacción adversa de algunos bancos centrales, ya que “las blockchains públicas y sus criptomonedas son sistemas alternativos de intercambio de valor que escapan en gran medida al control de las estructuras tradicionales de poder”.
Una reacción que en opinión del consejero delegado de la plataforma de compraventa de criptomonedas Bit2Me, Leif Ferreira, es un paso más en el proceso de censura que lleva a cabo el Gobierno chino para evitar la libertad financiera de la ciudadanía.
En el mismo sentido se ha expresado el cofundador de Onyze, empresa de custodia de activos digitales, Álvaro Alcañiz, quien cree que esta medida probablemente no será la última que aplique el Ejecutivo chino en contra de los criptoactivos porque “lleva muchos años aplicando un control férreo sobre su economía, mediante políticas muchas veces restrictivas”.
“A esto se le añade que el bitcoin, junto al resto de criptoactivos, se encuentra en el otro extremo, ya que defiende una libertad e independencia monetaria” contraria a sus intereses, ha explicado.
De la Mata ha apreciado una potencial relación entre esta medida y el desarrollo de las CBDC y ha advertido de que empieza a vislumbrarse una batalla geopolítica interesante relacionada con la evolución de las monedas digitales, ya que “veremos una competición por la hegemonía monetaria en la era de las monedas digitales emitidas por bancos centrales”.
China desarrolla en la actualidad el proyecto del yuan digital, una versión digital del renminbi (nombre oficial de la divisa china) respaldada por el Banco Popular de China y que tendrá el mismo valor que un yuan físico, proyecto que para Ferreira pretende someter a la población y eliminar cualquier alternativa que le permita ser libre, como pueden ser las criptomonedas.
“El yuan digital no es más que una medida en contra de la libertad, es una forma de tener controlada a la población”, según Ferreira.
Sobre la posibilidad de que otros bancos centrales como la Reserva Federal o el Banco Central Europeo (BCE) declaren ilegales las criptomonedas, Alcañiz se muestra escéptico, ya que atentaría contra las libertades sociales en Europa o EEUU, zonas geográficas donde la libertad se considera un derecho fundamental.
Para Ferreira, si los bancos centrales aplicaran normas similares se convertirían en “dictatoriales” porque “un banco central no puede hacer que la ciudadanía no elija usar bitcóin u otras criptomonedas como dinero en sus vidas”, ha sentenciado.
Los expertos consideran que la medida de la Administración china está afectando al mercado global de criptomonedas debido al peso económico, político y demográfico de este país en el mundo.
El consejero delegado de Bit2me ha señalado que la decisión del Banco Popular de China muestra la incompetencia de las personas que trabajan en estas instituciones y que justifican para evitar el blanqueo de capitales o la financiación del terrorismo, cosas que podrían aplicarse a cualquier moneda de banco central. “Creo que el gobierno chino intenta confundir a la población con mensajes absurdos y engañosos”.
José Luis Herrera, analista del Banco de Inversión Global (BiG), ha precisado la necesidad de determinar si esta medida tendrá un impacto duradero en el mercado de las criptodivisas y apuesta por tomarla con cautela.
Por Agencia
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