Estados Unidos dijo el viernes que está trabajando con sus aliados de Latinoamérica y Europa para expandir la ayuda humanitaria y promover elecciones en Venezuela, pero advirtió que podría retomar la política de sanciones si no ve acciones concretas de cambios por parte del gobierno de Nicolás Maduro.
El pronunciamiento fue efectuado por Juan González, uno de los principales asesores en temas latinoamericanos del presidente Joe Biden, quien dijo también que Estados Unidos tomará decisiones sobre Cuba basadas en acciones, y no en palabras o en un cambio de liderazgo como la renuncia reciente de Raúl Castro como máximo dirigente del Partido Comunista de Cuba.
“El punto clave aquí (sobre Venezuela) es que Estados Unidos está abarcando una política multilateral a favor de negociaciones que lleven a elecciones libres y justas, pero actuaremos en base a hechos concretos por parte del régimen, no a palabras”, expresó Juan González, director principal para el Hemisferio Occidental del Consejo Nacional de Seguridad.
En en una entrevista telefónica en español con The Associated Press desde Washington, el funcionario dijo que el gobierno venezolano “ha tomado algunos pasos”, pero la administración de Biden tiene que ver que sean “algo que demuestre seriedad ante un proceso de negociación”.
Recientemente Maduro aceptó viejas exigencias de Estados Unidos de que se permita al Programa Mundial de Alimentos establecerse en el país, en momentos que millones de personas padecen hambre. Sus aliados también prometieron colaborar con la oposición para vacunar a los venezolanos contra el coronavirus, y se han reunido con diplomáticos de Noruega que intentan reactivar las negociaciones.
Biden ha promovido un enfoque multilateral para presionar al gobierno de Maduro a sentarse a negociar con la oposición, pero ha expresado que no será parte de esas conversaciones. Desde que llegó al poder a finales de enero, el presidente demócrata se ha concentrado en la ayuda humanitaria a Venezuela, que atraviesa desde hace años una severa crisis económica, social y de inseguridad. Ha ofrecido también un estatus de protección temporal que podría beneficiar a miles de venezolanos que viven en Estados Unidos.
El anterior gobierno de Donald Trump focalizó su política en las sanciones a funcionarios venezolanos y empresarios aliados a ellos. Sus intentos de enviar alimentos y medicinas se vieron obstaculizados por la negativa de Maduro a recibirlos.
Al ser interrogado sobre posibles sanciones a la nación sudamericana similares a las implementadas por Trump, el asesor presidencial dijo que no están descartadas y las van a revisar para que no causen daño a la población.
“Sirven para presionar a alguien que se sienta a la mesa, pero nunca las sanciones son la solución”, aseguró González, que no identificó a los países aliados con los que trabaja.
Explicó que si el gobierno de Maduro avanza por un camino positivo, Estados Unidos también tomará medidas en esa dirección. Sin embargo, advirtió: “si siguen por la ruta que van, y echan pasos hacia atrás, vamos a incrementar la presión” junto con otros aliados porque hasta ahora las acciones unilaterales no han demostrado ser efectivas para generar cambios.
La Asamblea Nacional de Venezuela, controlada por el oficialismo, emprendió un proceso de selección de los nuevos miembros del Consejo Nacional Electoral que fue condenado esta semana por las principales fuerzas opositoras, encabezadas por el dirigente Juan Guaidó, que afirmaron que no reconocerían las autoridades electorales y exhortaron al gobierno a iniciar un proceso de negociación con acuerdos integrales, plenas garantías y respeto de los actores.
Durante la administración de Trump también se aplicaron innumerables sanciones a Cuba y se restringieron los viajes a la isla, revirtiéndose así la política de flexibilización y descongelamiento que había iniciado el anterior presidente Barack Obama.
Debido a una serie de polémicos y misteriosos incidentes de salud, Trump retiró asimismo a gran parte del personal estadounidense de la embajada y el consulado en La Habana. Y eso no ha cambiado.
Aunque Biden fue vicepresidente de Obama, ha expresado que su política de apertura hacia la isla no será idéntica. Por ahora el gobierno está revisando las acciones que emprenderá, dijo González.
En su campaña presidencial Biden había prometido estrechar nuevamente los vínculos familiares entre uno y otro lado del estrecho de la Florida, promoviendo los viajes y las remesas, pero por ahora no se han tomado medidas.
Es que la prioridad no es Cuba sino más bien los asuntos domésticos de Estados Unidos, entre ellos la pandemia y la llegada de miles de migrantes centroamericanos a la frontera con México.
“Cuando terminemos de revisar la política tomaremos un paso”, dijo González, tras explicar que actualmente no es un tema urgente porque el foco de atención está en la pandemia, la reactivación económica, la frontera y temas como el cambio climático global.
Por: Agencia
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