Investigadores de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM) han detectado el primer caso en España de una mascota infectada con la variante británica del SARS-CoV-2, un caniche gigante de 14 años con una elevada carga viral y asintomático.
El hallazgo ha sido realizado por un equipo liderado por el catedrático José Manuel Sánchez-Vizcaíno del Centro de Vigilancia Sanitaria Veterinaria (Visavet) de la UCM, que desde hace meses estudia la prevalencia y seroprevalencia del virus SARS-CoV-2 en las mascotas de España, en colaboración con las universidades de Castilla-La Mancha y Córdoba.
El animal dio positivo en una prueba PCR tanto en el hisopo nasal como en el rectal y, después, los investigadores aislaron el virus, secuenciaron la proteína Spike y detectaron hasta 12 mutaciones genéticas, 9 de ellas características de la variante británica B.1.1.7, informa la UCM en una nota.
Se trata de la primera detección de un perro infectado con dicha variante en España, un hallazgo que para los investigadores evidencia la importancia de mantener la vigilancia activa de esta infección en las mascotas para determinar su papel en la epidemiología de la covid-19 y saber cómo se distribuyen las distintas variantes.
Hasta el momento, el proyecto ha estudiado unos 800 perros y gatos, casi un centenar de hurones, 24 linces y un visón salvaje, procedentes de dos tipos de muestreos: uno selectivo, con animales que habían estado en contacto con personas positivas o con síntomas compatibles, y uno aleatorio, sin esa información asociada.
Los principales resultados del proyecto indican que el 95 % de los perros o gatos infectados con el SARS-CoV-2 se han contagiado por estar en contacto con personas infectadas, aunque la mayor parte de estos animales apenas ha desarrollado síntomas o lo han hecho de forma leve.
Este estudio es de vital importancia, dado que algunas de las variantes más extendidas en la actualidad son más contagiosas, advierten los investigadores.
Además, aún no se conocen las características infectivas de estas variantes en los animales, aunque la británica, denominada B.1.1.7, ha sido asociada con la aparición de cardiomiopatías en mascotas de Reino Unido. EFE
Por Agencia
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