En el Donbás se enfrentan desde 2014 el Ejército ucraniano y los separatistas prorrusos. Todo eso, en medio de las tensiones en torno a Ucrania por el despliegue de más de 100.000 soldados rusos cerca de la frontera con el país vecino.
La última reunión presencial del Formato de Normandía a nivel de asesores políticos tuvo lugar el 12 de enero de 2021 en Berlín. Después, los contactos dentro del Cuarteto se celebraron de forma telemática.
Alemania y Francia quieren revivir el Formato de Normandía, cuya última cumbre a nivel de líderes tuvo lugar en 2019 en París y que desde entonces no ha arrojado mayores avances salvo en el intercambio de presos.
En la primera y última reunión entre los presidentes de Rusia, Vladimir Putin, y de Ucrania, Volodimir Zelenski, se acordaron nueve puntos, entre ellos el intercambio de prisioneros según el principio de «todos por todos», la separación de fuerzas en tres zonas de la línea de contacto y la celebración de elecciones y la concesión de un estatus especial a los territorios separatistas prorrusos.
Le dialogue avec la Russie doit se poursuivre pour réengager un processus de désescalade, obtenir des garanties sur la sécurité aux frontières de notre Europe. En format Normandie. En Européens. Avec l’OTAN. Sans naïveté : s’il devait y avoir une agression, la riposte serait là. pic.twitter.com/ZV7WJk3jxC
— Emmanuel Macron (@EmmanuelMacron) January 25, 2022
Ucrania insiste en una nueva cumbre, pero Rusia considera que Kiev debe sentarse a negociar no con Moscú, sino con los rebeldes apoyados por el Kremlin en Lugansk y Donetsk, dado que considera que lo que ocurre en el este de Ucrania es una «guerra civil» y que Rusia no forma parte de la misma.
En el conflicto en el este de Ucrania han fallecido más de 14.000 personas, según la ONU.
Además, Rusia acusa a Ucrania de incumplir los Acuerdos de paz de Minsk para solucionar el conflicto en el Donbás, mientras que Kiev opina lo propio sobre Moscú.
Ucrania señala a Rusia como parte violadora de los acuerdos como «Estado agresor» que se anexionó en 2014 la península de Crimea y se metió en el conflicto en el Donbás.
Kremlin espera reunión «buena y abierta»
El Kremlin expresó hoy su deseo de que la reunión este miércoles en París entre los asesores políticos de los líderes del Formato de Normandía para la paz en el Donbás, genere «el resultado máximo» posible en medio de las tensiones actuales.
«Espero que haya un diálogo bueno, abierto, con el máximo grado de eficacia posible«, señaló el portavoz de la Presidencia rusa, Dmitri Peskov, en su rueda de prensa telefónica diaria.
«Qué significa grado máximo posible, es muy difícil de decir ahora«, añadió.
Asimismo, Rusia advirtió hoy que no se quedará de «brazos cruzados» ante las acciones de Occidente, al que acusó de intentar obtener ventajas unilaterales y de incitar a Ucrania a provocar a Moscú.
«No nos quedaremos de brazos cruzados«, subrayó el ministro de Exteriores ruso, Serguei Lavrov, al referirse a las presiones occidentales para lograr una «mayor contención de Rusia», en una intervención en la Duma del Estado, la cámara baja del Parlamento ruso.
El jefe de la diplomacia rusa denunció que Occidente incrementa la presión político-militar sobre Rusia.
«Basta ver las maniobras cada vez más provocadoras junto a nuestras fronteras, la atracción a la órbita de la OTAN del régimen de Kiev, los suministros de armas, y cómo lo incitan a efectuar provocaciones directas contra la Federación de Rusia«, dijo.
Advirtió de que Rusia adoptará las «necesarias medidas de respuesta» si no recibe de Occidente una «contestación constructiva» a sus demandas de garantías de seguridad, que el Kremlin espera esta semana.
Por: Agencia
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